莫斯科Tsarskaya ploschad住宅綜合體開發景觀設計 | Wowhaus Bureau

Tsarskaya ploschad住宅綜合體項目由三個相對封閉的街區組成，包括幾棟多層建筑物和一幢獨棟21層建筑物。該項目因規劃范圍囊括了歷史文化遺址而受到廣泛關注，這也是項目的一大亮點。規劃團隊首先修復了坐落在場地原址上的少先隊體育場建筑遺址。

設計任務：打造新型的庭院景觀，同時為住宅綜合體及相鄰住宅的居民創建具有吸引力的公共空間。

設計手法：保護文化遺址，并將其納入空間整體規劃之中，將庭院改造為綠色花園，為全年齡段的人群提供豐富多樣的基礎設施。

開發區域的體塊及空間組成，根據其可達性明確區分為幾種不同類型的空間：私人庭院，帶有兒童活動場與體育運動區的開放式林蔭大道，以及沙皇館前的廣場。

建筑物之間的步行道上裝點著有楓樹的種植池。道路上鋪設了鑲花圖案的大瓷磚，在視覺上統一了住宅綜合體的外部空間。步行道的中心部分以弗蘭德磚鋪裝來突出展示。

The Tsarskaya ploschad residential complex consists of three closed blocks with a varying number of storyes and a separately standing 21-storey building. Its territory is remarkable for including historical and cultural heritage objects, which we wanted to highlight in our project. We restored the fragments of the Young Pioneers stadium, which was located on the site of the complex. 

Task: to create a new type of a yard, one that would become an appealing public space both for the residents of this residential complex and the neighbouring houses.

Solution: to preserve the cultural heritage objects and to incorporate them into the general composition of the space, transforming the yard into a green garden with a generous and complex infrastructure available to all age groups. 

The volumetric and spatial composition of the development area clearly distinguishes among several types of spaces based on their accessibility: private yards, open boulevards with a kids’ playground and a sports zone, as well as a piazza in front of the Tsar Pavilion.  

Along the pedestrian boulevards in between the buildings there are alleys with maple trees in planter boxes. The roads are paved with large tiles with a parquet pattern, which unites visually the outside spaces of the complex. The central parts of the alley are highlighted by the inlaid Flemish brick. 

▼建筑物間的步行道上裝點著有楓樹的種植池

Along the pedestrian boulevards in between the buildings, there are alleys with maple trees in planter boxes. ? Dmitry Tchistoprudov

該項目的一大亮點在于如何對待文化遺址：經團隊修復過的文化遺址塑造出住宅綜合體的整體形象，使其變得獨一無二。因此，我們將兩個時代的標志性建筑納入項目整體規劃之中，一是可追溯到亞歷山大三世時期的沙皇館，另一處是1934年開放的少先隊體育場遺址。

沙皇館建于1882年，為慶祝第十五屆俄羅斯工業藝術展而筑造，沙皇亞歷山大三世也曾參展。修繕后的展覽館的周邊廣場是該區域的主要公共空間。不僅住宅綜合體的居民，其余大眾也能夠參觀這處文化遺址。

A peculiarity of this project was the fact we were working with the cultural heritage: the objects restored by us shaped a visual image of the residential complex territory, which made it unique. Thus, we incorporated into the general composition the landmarks dating back to two epochs: the Tsar Pavilion dating back to the times of Alexander III and the fragments of the Young Pioneers stadium, which opened back in 1934.

The Tsar Pavilion was erected in 1882 to celebrate the XV All-Russia Industrial and Art Exhibition, which was to be visited by the emperor Alexander III. The piazza in surrounding the restored pavilion is the main public space of the territory. Not only the residents of the complex but also the public at large have gained access to this cultural heritage.

▼沙皇展覽館

The Tsar Pavilion ? Dmitry Tchistoprudov

廣場上設有旱噴裝置，周圍被廊架圍繞，廊架兩側懸掛有秋千。開發區域的幾何構成設計將沙皇館轉變為整個廣場乃至整個住宅綜合體的中心焦點。通過這種設計手法，即使從列寧格勒斯基遠眺，展館也清晰可見。

The piazza accommodates also a dry fountain surrounded by pergolas with swings on both sides. The geometry of the development area turns the Tsar Pavilion into the central object of both the square and the whole complex. The residential complex was designed so as to make the historic pavilion clearly visible from the Leningradsky prospect.

▼廣場上的旱地噴泉裝置

The piazza accommodates a dry fountain. ? Dmitry Tchistoprudov

▼廊架兩側懸掛有秋千

The pergolas with swings on both sides ? Dmitry Tchistoprudov

修復后的前少先隊體育場的部分墻體，將展覽館前的廣場有效隔絕在過往車輛的噪音污染之外。我們著重修復了兩個關鍵點：一部分墻體和兩塊馬賽克景墻。

作為重點設計元素的馬賽克景墻上描繪了兒童使用運動器材的畫面，周邊區域圍繞此設計展開。

The restored fragment of the wall belonging to the former Young Pioneers stadium helps to protect the square in front of the pavilion from the noise of the cars passing by. We were able to restore the key elements of the stadium: a part of the wall and two mosaic panels. 

The children with sports equipment depicted in the panels became an essential element based on which we shaped the territory surrounding the mosaics.

▼馬賽克景墻上描繪了兒童使用運動器材的畫面

The children with sports equipment depicted in the panels. ? Dmitry Tchistoprudov

直至項目動工，體育場的墻體都還只具備單一的裝飾功能。在項目開發過程中，運動場的墻體上增添了墻欄作為露天吧臺區，以一條步行廊道將保存完好的墻體樓梯與玻璃屋一層的小塊區域連接起來。該結構拓展了綜合體的功能內容，為總覽全區景觀提供了全新的視角。

Until recently, the stadium wall used to have only a decorative function. Within the development project a gym wall bars section was added with a pedestrian gallery connecting the preserved stairs of the wall and the small zones at the first level of the glass-house. The structure enlarges the functional content of the complex and gives a chance to see the territory from a new angle.

▼依托運動場墻體的露天吧臺區

The gym wall bars ? Dmitry Tchistoprudov

▼吧臺區的步行廊道連接著被保留下來的墻體樓梯

A pedestrian gallery connecting the preserved stairs of the wall ? Dmitry Tchistoprudov

修復后的蘇聯馬賽克位于兩座壁龕當中，在另外的六個壁龕中，每兩個分別用于放置網球臺，兒童玩樂設施和成人運動器械。運動場的露天吧臺上還包括兩座露天劇場和一架通往二樓的樓梯。

The restored Soviet mosaics are located in two niches, while two other ones accommodated tables for tennis, four more niches have kids and adults sport equipment - each occupying two of these four niches. The gym wall bars include also two amphitheatres and an additional staircase to the second level.

▼修復后的蘇聯馬賽克位于兩座壁龕中

The restored Soviet mosaics are located in two niches. ? Dmitry Tchistoprudov

▼放置網球臺的壁龕

One niche accommodates tables for tennis. ? Dmitry Tchistoprudov

在馬賽克景墻上，兒童栩栩如生的人物形象被明亮的涂鴉畫和運動器械的對比細節凸顯。被保存下來的前少先隊體育場墻體由Raskrasimvse團隊的涂鴉藝術家們繪制。

The dynamics of the children’s figures in the mosaic panels is stressed by a work-out zone with some bright graffiti and contrast details of the sports equipment. The preserved wall of the former Young Pioneers stadium was painted by the Raskrasimvse team of graffiti artists.

▼涂鴉畫和運動器械

The bright graffiti and the sports equipment ? Dmitry Tchistoprudov

專為住宅居民設計的綠洲庭院以特殊的構成手法設計，采用了多個形狀各異的五邊形。由于庭院的這種分隔形式，空間在視覺效果上被擴大，也看起來更加復雜多樣。種植池也作為裝飾物裝點了庭院景觀。

The oasis-yards are allocated exclusively for the complex residents. A special pattern of variously shaped pentagons was created for the yards. Due to such separation of the yards, the space enlarges visually and looks more complex. The planter boxes also shape an ornament. 

▼由多個形狀各異的五邊形組成的綠洲庭院

The oasis-yards is composed of variously shaped pentagons. ? Dmitry Tchistoprudov

每個庭院中都設置有帶秋千的涼廊，帶吧臺的圓形劇場以及兒童小型游樂場。項目旨在打造人性化尺度、體驗舒適的居住環境。

Each yard has a pergola with swings, amphitheatre with a bar stand and a small playground for kids. We were aiming to create an atmosphere of a cozy yard comparable in size with the people in it. 

▼帶有秋千的涼廊

The pergola with swings ? Dmitry Tchistoprudov

▼帶來舒適體驗的庭院環境

The yard brings cozy experience. ? Dmitry Tchistoprudov

現在場地內還增設了微地形兒童趣味活動區和一處遠離車行道、被小丘與灌木包圍的安靜運動區。這些區域不僅可供綜合體居民使用，也對臨近住宅區的居民開放。

The territory now also enjoys a kids’ zone with geoplastic and a sports zone protected from the driveway area by the hills with bushes and trees. These sites are available not only to the complex residents but also to the residents of the neighbouring houses. 

▼微地形兒童活動區

Thea kids’ zone with geoplastic ? Dmitry Tchistoprudov

▼被小丘與灌木包圍的運動區

A sports zone surrounded by the hills with bushes and trees ? Dmitry Tchistoprudov

地面的浮雕與鋪裝的圖案塑造了獨特且引人注目的空間圖像。這些區域被景觀劃分成塊，除了使基礎設施的位置多元化之外，也給予了兒童與青少年充分的自由去設計對這些空間場景的使用方式。

The relief of the site as well as the pattern of the pavement shape a unique and an eye-catching  image of the space. These areas are split into zones by the landscaping, which in addition to the unusual location of the equipment lets you make up your own scenarios of using these spaces for kids and teenagers. 

▼景觀細部

The landscape details ? Dmitry Tchistoprudov

▼總平面圖

The overall site plan ? Wowhaus Bureau

^項目信息

^{項目名稱：莫斯科Tsarskaya ploschad住宅綜合體開發}

^{項目地點：俄羅斯，莫斯科列寧格勒斯基大道31號}

^{總體規模：4公頃}

^{承包商：MR Group}

^{設計公司：Wowhaus Bureau}

^{主策劃：Dmitry Likin, Oleg Shapiro}

^{主創建筑師：Alyona Zaitseva, Ivan Krasheninnikov, Marina Yarmarkina}

^{建筑師：Ivan Korenkov; with the participation of Anastasia Grishina, Pavel Zeldovich, Yekaterina Sporykhina}

^{景觀開發：Arbor group} 

^{照明設計：Light Culture}

^{涂鴉設計：Raskrasimvse}

^{設計周期：2015-2020}

^{建造周期：2016-2020}

^{圖片來源：Dmitry Tchistoprudov}

^{Project Name：Development of the Tsarskaya ploschad residential complex in Moscow}

^{Project Location：Leningradsky prospect, estate 31, Moscow}

^{General area of development: 4 hectares} 

^{Contractor: MR Group}

^{Design Company：Wowhaus Bureau}

^{Masterminds: Dmitry Likin, Oleg Shapiro}

^{Lead Architects: Alyona Zaitseva, Ivan Krasheninnikov, Marina Yarmarkina}

^{Architects: Ivan Korenkov; with the participation of Anastasia Grishina, Pavel Zeldovich, Yekaterina Sporykhina}

^{Landscape Development: Arbor group} 

^{Lightening: Light Culture}

^{Graffiti: Raskrasimvse}

^{Designing: 2015-2020}

^{Implementation: 2016-2020}

^{Photo: Dmitry Tchistoprudov}

^{翻譯&排版：胡碧喬}

^{版權聲明：本文版權歸原作者所有，請勿以景觀中國編輯版本轉載。如有侵犯您的權益請及時聯系，我們將第一時間刪除。}

^{投稿郵箱：info@landscape.cn}

^{項目咨詢：18510568018（微信同號）}