深圳漩花園景觀設(shè)計 | 大小營造

漩花園是一座2021年深圳簕杜鵑花展的展園，它也是一座低成本、可回收的展示性花園。通常情況下，類似的花展結(jié)束后，大部分園林材料都會變成垃圾被丟棄，為了重新考慮臨時展園的生命周期，我們以預(yù)制單元模塊的系統(tǒng)設(shè)計了“漩花園”。在花展結(jié)束后，約90%的材料可以用于異地重建。經(jīng)過了為期21天的短暫展覽后，我們成功回收了種植模塊。回收后的種植模塊在三個場地發(fā)揮了作用：南海意庫的公共露臺、南海意庫小街、社區(qū)共建花園。

The Vortex is a low-budget and recyclable display garden at the 2021 Shenzhen Garden Show. In a context where mostly garden materials are turned into trashes after the garden show is completed, the landscape architects propose to reconsider the life cycle of a temporary garden. A prefabricated module system was devised, through which the garden could be restored with 90% of the items after the garden show. After a short period (21days) of exhibition, the landscape architects had retrieved the planter modules right before the dismantling process started. The recycled modules were successfully reused in three places separately - public roof deck, street corner by the sidewalk, and community garden.

▼由種植模塊搭建而成的漩花園 ?南西攝影

▼種植模塊被再次利用于公共空間中 ?林丙興

▼2021年的漩花園，由220組種植模塊組成 ?南西攝影

挑戰(zhàn)

Challenges

在花園創(chuàng)作之初，我們從海洋中提取了漩渦的設(shè)計元素，并以海洋生物及演化呈螺旋形上升的生長過程為靈感，通過大地藝術(shù)的形式繼續(xù)為公眾打造了一個海洋主題的展園，呼吁人們保護海洋，關(guān)注海洋里生物的生存環(huán)境現(xiàn)狀。

盡管設(shè)計思路是清晰的，但面對我們的是一道道的挑戰(zhàn)。從設(shè)計到建成，除去一個月的建造施工時間，留給設(shè)計的時間只有15天。在實地勘探場地后，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)場地狹小且有著1.5米高差的坡地，兩側(cè)被園路與喬木圍合，綜合考慮到展覽結(jié)束后場地需要恢復原狀，我們決定順應(yīng)場地地勢呈現(xiàn)設(shè)計，不對場地地形做過多的干預(yù)。模塊化的建造體系很好的幫助我們解決了這些問題。全園除海浪的基礎(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)骨架采用焊接形式外，海浪表面的圓形種植盒及頂部懸掛的水母骨架均采用模塊裝配的形式快速搭建， 既能快速展示設(shè)計效果還能有效的控制建造成本，也保證回收時的快速拆除。

The garden were displayed in a form of land art which was abstracted from the whirlpool of the sea. This ocean-themed exhibit series were made to call on public’s attention to ocean environmental protection.

The given timeframe is extremely limited, there were about 30 days for construction and 15 days for design. After site investigation, the team found that the site was quite small and there was a 1.5-meter elevation change. The gardens was designed to follow the existing topography so that the site will remain intact after the flower show. Aggregation of modules help solving these problems. Except several welding for the metal frames, the form of vortex were created with assembling of modular planters, which helped budget control, as well as fast removal.

▼漩渦安裝——采取低干預(yù)的策略搭建結(jié)構(gòu)骨架，也便于展覽結(jié)束后快速復原場地 ?大小營造

▼預(yù)制模塊安裝——種植模塊采用螺栓快速固定在建筑模板上；頂部懸掛的玻璃紗預(yù)先用魚線縫制在構(gòu)件上 ?大小營造

提交方案后，我們收到了花展組委會提出的相關(guān)辦展要求，經(jīng)過多番協(xié)調(diào)與溝通后：場地花卉品種70%為簕杜鵑，剩余30%為多年生草本植物。設(shè)計面積從320㎡縮減到260㎡，設(shè)計高度也降至4m內(nèi)。海浪種植模塊與相應(yīng)的水母骨架模塊的尺寸也由原先的5組縮減至4種。

After the design was submitted, the team received a number of request from the committee. Through coordination and communication, the design was compromised - plant selection was limited to 70% of bougainvillea and 30% of herbal plants; the area was cut from 320㎡ to 260㎡, and the height was lowered to 4m height.

▼植物種植——工人們在快速種植模塊內(nèi)的植物 ?大小營造

▼植物調(diào)整——設(shè)計師對部分效果不理想的植物進行替換補種 ?大小營造

▼開放前一天的最后矯正 ?森斯

海上生花

Above the Sea

海浪的形態(tài)從地面緩緩向上呈向心狀涌起，通過220 組可拆卸的金屬種植模塊與主題花卉有機結(jié)合，將不同顏色的花卉通過漸變的手法，模擬海水逐浪的動態(tài)過程。種植盒內(nèi)的花卉，由白色、粉紫色、深藍色逐漸又過渡到白色， 整體色調(diào)呈現(xiàn)比較淡雅，用花卉的色調(diào)營造了海面色彩層層遞進直至頂端浪花翻涌的唯美景象。為保證海面的完整性及漸變的延續(xù)性，這次對種植池內(nèi)植物的高度也有所限定，沒有選擇用規(guī)格比較大的植物品種。

The Vortex was composed of two spiral landform structure made of 220 prefabricated planters, resembling the waves above the sea. A gradient selection of white, pink, purple, and dark blue flora spread with the planters. A field of vortex was created along with the rising of the planter structure.

▼逐漸呈向心狀涌起的“旋渦”?南西攝影

▼人們駐足、觀賞、互動 ?南西攝影

▼若隱若現(xiàn)的種植模塊 ?南西攝影

海底珊瑚

Under the Sea

沿著兩側(cè)緩緩上升的海浪，步入海底珊瑚秘境后，便來到了一處沉浸式的體驗空間。我們通過篩選不同形態(tài)及顏色的花卉，模仿海底千姿百態(tài)的珊瑚。通過海浪底部鏡面不銹鋼材料的圍合，將人在海底暢游的景觀 “動”，與園路鋪裝植物“靜”，都倒映在其中，打造了一個絢爛多彩的海底珊瑚世界。結(jié)合空中隨風擺動的水母，更為中心海底空間增添一份體驗上的沉浸感。盡管漩花園的占地面積很小，但無論是進出漩渦帶來的空間變化，還是鏡面映射的另一個世界，都給不同年齡的人帶來了豐富的體驗和樂趣。

Along with the path that was framed by the rising vortex, visitors gradually walked into underseas, where succulent and herbal plants with various shapes and colors represent the coral reef. The back sides of the vortex were made of mirror-finish steel panels, which reflect adjacent images, that sensually enlarged the space. The dangling light fabrics were so soft that the light breeze effortlessly made them swim like jellyfish. Even though the footprint of Vortex was modest, the mini garden provided an interesting experience for people to interact with.

▼平面呈螺旋向心的漩花園 ?南西攝影

▼在“海底”玩耍的小朋友們 ?南西攝影

▼傍晚的海底世界 ?南西攝影

▼隨?擺動的“水母”，材質(zhì)為白色玻璃紗 ?南西攝影

回收！回用！

Recycle! Reuse!

在為期21天的短暫展覽后，園區(qū)開始撤展，我們在推土機進園拆除一切材料前回收了種植模塊，最終實現(xiàn)了材料回收的愿望。回收后的種植模塊在三個場地發(fā)揮了作用：南海意庫的公共露臺、南海意庫小街、社區(qū)共建花園。空無一物的屋頂露臺在放置了模塊后，為在該層工作的各行業(yè)同事提供了一處工作之余的小憩場所。空曠的街角在布置了模塊家具后，成為了有趣、文藝的社交場所。來自深圳蛇口某公益基金會的負責人了解到我們的回收設(shè)計后，主動聯(lián)系到我們并希望支持他在做的一個社區(qū)共建花園的項目，這些模塊可以用作社區(qū)花園里的家具和種植池。我們愉快地達成了一致的目標，剩余的模塊將被運送至該社區(qū)花園里并重新加以利用，我們期待著這些模塊的重生。

After a short period (21 days) of exhibition, the flower show had ended, and the landscape architects had retrieved the planter modules right before the dismantling process started. The recycled modules were successfully reused in three places separately - public roof deck, street corner by the sidewalk, and community garden. The circular modules were reorganized as furniture and planters based on the sizes and locations of the new sites. Whether in the empty roof deck or at the street corner, the reorganized module pieces turned the places into active social spaces.

▼同事們快樂地遇見屋頂露臺上的新花園  ?林丙興

▼步行小街上的“新客廳” ?林丙興

▼小街的變化吸引了路人駐足拍照 ?林丙興

▼新置入的種植池家具漸漸為小街帶來活力 ?林丙興

在極限的設(shè)計和建造時間內(nèi)完成的漩花園，采用了預(yù)制模塊疊加（aggregation）的設(shè)計方法，這使得在施工成本有限、工期和施工條件苛刻的環(huán)境下，設(shè)計的品質(zhì)依然能得到保證。但讓我們最欣慰的，是對模塊回收回用的想法終于得以實現(xiàn)。花展作為人們休閑放松與審美熏陶的公共活動，是有其意義的，如果參展的作品能更多地考慮臨時展覽的生命周期，將漸漸形成可持續(xù)辦展的風氣。模塊疊加并不意味著對審美的妥協(xié)，相反，這為設(shè)計師是否能夠創(chuàng)造性地處理原型（prototype）與重復（repetition）之間的關(guān)系，提出了更高的要求。當這些設(shè)計思考外化成美的形式時，公眾能夠在欣賞花園的同時收到啟發(fā)與教育。我們期待在未來看到更多考慮全生命周期的臨時展園作品。

Despite The Vortex’s extremely limited timeframe and construction budget, the aggregation of modules improved its construction efficiency. More importantly, the modules could be recycled and reused in another places permanently, instead of being destroyed. The Vortex exhibited paying attention the gardens’ life cycle in temporary flower/garden shows, which are  meaningful public events for recreation and aesthetics appreciation. Aggregation of modules does not mean compromising on creativity in terms of design. Careful study of typology and repetitive structure are the keys to achieve site identity and richness in design. When these design methods are applied as forms, public will be educated while they enjoy the beauty of the work.

▼巧合，漩花園與路旁的另一個展園形成了一個“心”?南西攝影

^項目信息

^{設(shè)計名：漩花園}

^{項目名：2021深圳簕杜鵑花展寶安花園}

^{地點：中國，深圳}

^{景觀設(shè)計：大小營造}

^{設(shè)計團隊：顏琴，陳翔，王帆，葉星}

^{種花小分隊：王帆，顏琴，鐘玉娟，張璟雯，王沚鷺，熊錚錚}

^{回收小分隊：王帆，顏琴，周世龍，陳志華，張藝斌，袁紹鐘，凌嘉巍，王沚鷺，鄭毅梅，張璟雯，林淵韜}

^{監(jiān)制：鐘惠城，林丙興}

^{業(yè)主：寶安區(qū)城市管理和綜合執(zhí)法局}

^{施工單位：深圳森斯環(huán)境藝術(shù)工程有限公司}

^{攝影：南西攝影}

^{Project Data}

^{Design Name: The Vortex}

^{Project Name: 2021 Shenzhen Bougainvillea Flower Show Bao’an Garden}

^{Project Location: Shenzhen, China}

^{Landscape Design: Atelier Scale Fabrication Lab}

^{Design Team: Qin Yan, Xiang Chen, Fan Wang, Xing Ye}

^{Planting Support Team: Fan Wang, Qin Yan, Yujuan Zhong, Jingwen Zhang, Zhilu Wang, Zhengzheng Xiong}

^{Recycling Support Team: Fan Wang, Qin Yan, Shilong Zhou, Zhihua Chen, Yibin Zhang, Shaozhong Yuan, Jiawei Ling, Zhilu Wang, Yimei Zheng, Jingwen Zhang, Yuantao Lin}

^{Producer: Huicheng Zhong, Bingxing Lin}

^{Client: Shenzhen Bao’an Urban Management bureau}

^{Construction Contractor:  Shenzhen Sensi Environmental Art Engineering, Ltd}

^{Photo Credit: Nancy Studio}

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_{投稿郵箱：info@landscape.cn}

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