猶太教堂廣場位于西班牙翁達市歷史中心區，作為伊斯蘭時期（s.XI-sXII）的重要文化遺產，于1967年被正式列入遺產名錄。它位于中世紀老城區的一處地形復雜的空地，靠近中世紀阿拉伯宮殿和基督教堂遺址。歷史上這里曾是社交聚會的空間，后又曾作為農業用地和校園操場。近幾十年來，廣場的功能僅限于停車場，致使空間品質受損。2016年的一次考古發掘，讓埋藏在地下5米深處的中世紀石砌夯土圍墻，以及部分殘留的階梯和拱形壁柱重現天日，這成為啟動城市更新和遺產保護項目的契機。
The project is an urban regeneration and heritage intervention, located in the Historical City Center of Onda, from de Islamic period (s.XI-sXII) declared as a Monument of Significant Cultural Interest with the Monument category in 1967. The square is a void in the medieval city, in a topographic area, close to the archaeological rests of arabic medieval palaces and the Chistian Church. This square was a social meeting space in the past, for agriculture uses or as a playground of a children’s school. But in the last decades was used only as a parking lot, degradating the quality of the space. In 2016, during an archeological research, an enclosure of medieval rammed earth walls reinforced with stones and the rests of a stair and pilasters of arches were discovered 5 meters deep in the ground.
▼ 項目概覽
Project overview ? Milena Villalba
▼位于翁達城市歷史中心區的遺跡
A monument in the Historical City Center of Onda ?Milena Villalba
考古發現，廣場上曾有一處15米見方的圍合空間，中央是一艘安達盧西亞木筏，四周有1.4米厚的石墻。13-14世紀的醫院騎士團統治時期，人們還在這里建造了與周邊民居或宗教建筑相連接的四排石拱門和一座哥特式階梯。本案希望幫助周邊人口顯著減少的社區恢復吸引力和公共生活，將考古遺址與廣場的其他部分相融合，重新建立與街道的交通聯系，畢竟在多年的考古發掘過程中，這里是一座封閉的孤島。
In the archaeological site were discovered the remains of a large space 15x15 meters size, from an Andalusian raft of the 12th Century surrounded by 1,40 meters thick walls. This space was reused during the 13-14th Century, during the Hospital Christian Order time, building 4 lines of stone arches and a Gothic staircase from a civil or religious building. The aim of the intervention is to recover the interest and urban life of the neighborhood with an evident depopulation, from the reintegration of the archaeological site to the rest of the square and restoring the connexions to the streets that were lost during years in the archaeological works.
▼中世紀遺留下的夯土圍墻、樓梯和拱形壁柱
An enclosure of medieval rammed earth walls, the rests of a stair and pilasters of arches ? Milena Villalba
▼考古平面圖
Archeology plan ? el fabricante de espheras
在與當地居民和社區舉辦討論會的過程中，設計團隊不斷調整設計方案，以滿足各種特殊需求，如殘障人士、小微企業、便捷通道，以及會議和兒童玩耍空間等。
The design was adjusted through different meetings with neighbors and residents of the neighborhood, to adapt to the different particularities: people with reduced mobility, small businesses, preferential routes, needs of meeting and play spaces.
▼設計平面圖
Intervention plan ? el fabricante de espheras
▼剖面圖
Section ? el fabricante de espheras
設計團隊希望用包容性設計來提升社區居民的生活質量。他們嘗試將不同高差的場地連接起來，并使用防滑石磚鋪地，既安全又與傳統的鋪裝風格相協調。在解決與街道的連接問題時，設計團隊采用了平緩的坡道和低矮的臺階，以便于老年人日常使用，如去買面包、去教堂禮拜，或去學校接送孩子等。
The project was designed from an inclusive perspective, to improve the quality of life of people in the neighborhood. The project tries to reconnect the different levels of the place, building a floor with a continuous paving of anti-slipping stone as an adaptation of the traditional paving system. The connections with the streets are solved with soft ramps and with stairs of small height, to facilitate the daily displacements of the elderly people...to go to the oven, to the Church or to take the children to school.
▼防滑石地面與傳統鋪裝風格相協調
A floor with a continuous paving of anti-slipping stone as an adaptation of the traditional paving system ? Milena Villalba
▼舒緩的坡道和階梯便于老人使用
Soft ramps and with stairs of small height, to facilitate the daily displacements of the elderly people ? Milena Villalba
▼順應地形變化的平臺和階梯
Wooden platform adapted to the natural topography with steps ? Milena Villalba
位于廣場一側的瓦倫西亞大街歷史悠久，然而自從考古發掘啟動以來，它與古城中心區的交通聯系就中斷了。為了復興這條歷史廊道，設計團隊順應地形設置了一座有臺階的木制平臺，飛跨于考古遺址之上，成為與街道相銜接的公共空間。漂浮平臺的木板選自非洲黃金木，經人工定位鋪裝嵌入鋼制框架中，根據場地不同的高差而靈活調整。平臺上輕巧交錯的臺階成為人們的休憩閑聊之地。此外，木材料的運用也為這個微型城市空間增添了一份可觸摸的親切感。
The historical Valencia Street had been lost when the archaeological area was opened up and disconnected from the historical center. A large wooden platform that adapts to the natural topography with steps, recovers this historic access road. The floating plaza is a continuity of the public space of the surrounding streets, which overflies the archaeological space. A floating pavement of iroko wood slats, with details of handcrafted placement, on a steel structure that allows it to adapt to the topography, through a gentle staggering of small steps to sit and chat. An urban space made of wood, friendly, that promotes the tactile sensation of small scale in urban spaces.
▼下沉的考古遺址成為兒童玩耍的空間
The archaeology site turns into play spaces for children ? Milena Villalba
▼調整后的步行環境與線路
Adjusted pedestrian environment and preferential routes ? Milena Villalba
▼ 親切宜人的微型城市空間
Tactile sensation of small scale in urban spaces ? Milena Villalba
▼施工過程
Construction process ? Milena Villalba
▼翁達城市平面圖
Onda's plan ? el fabricante de espheras
▼場地平面圖
Location plan ? el fabricante de espheras
▼地下平面圖
Basement ? el fabricante de espheras
項目基本信息
項目名稱: 翁達歷史中心區的猶太人廣場
發起方: el fabricante de espheras, Grupo Aranea, Cel-Ras Arquitectura 建筑師: Pasqual Herrero Vicent, Francisco Leiva Ivorra, Juan Miguel Gil García, Fernando Navarro Carmona, Eduardo J. Solaz Fuster, Ma Amparo Sebastiá Esteve
合作建筑師：Andrés Llopis Pérez, Jorge Juan Roy Pérez, María Pitarch Roig, Anna Morro Pe?a, Víctor Mu?oz Macián, Yasmina Juan Osa, Francisco Pi?ó Alcaide, Andrea Gargallo Manota
結構工程師：Alejandro Doménech Monforte
農業工程師：Marta García Chico
建筑工程師：José Luis Carratalà Rico, Guillem García Martí, Sara Juanes Herrera, Elisa García Capilla
攝影：Milena Villalba
建設年份: 2018-2020 項目尺寸: 1.029m2
預算：455.350,88€
Project: Plaza de la Sinagoga en el centro histórico de Onda/Synagogue Square in the historic center of Onda
Authors: el fabricante de espheras, Grupo Aranea, Cel-Ras Arquitectura
Project Architects: Pasqual Herrero Vicent, Francisco Leiva Ivorra, Juan Miguel Gil García, Fernando Navarro Carmona, Eduardo J. Solaz Fuster, Ma Amparo Sebastiá Esteve
Collaborator Architects: Andrés Llopis Pérez, Jorge Juan Roy Pérez, María Pitarch Roig, Anna Morro Pe?a, Víctor Mu?oz Macián, Yasmina Juan Osa, Francisco Pi?ó Alcaide, Andrea Gargallo Manota
Structures Engineer: Alejandro Doménech Monforte
Agricultural Engineer: Marta García Chico
Building Engineer: José Luis Carratalà Rico, Guillem García Martí, Sara Juanes Herrera, Elisa García Capilla
Photographer: Milena Villalba
Project-construction year: 2018-2020
Area: 1.029m2
Budget: 455.350,88€
編譯：申瑞琪
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