塞浦路斯尼克西亞自由廣場(chǎng)景觀設(shè)計(jì) | 扎哈·哈迪德建筑事務(wù)所

ZahaHadidArchitects 2021-12-29

原創(chuàng)

項(xiàng)目名稱(chēng)：

Eleftheria廣場(chǎng)
項(xiàng)目地點(diǎn)：

塞浦路斯尼克西亞
設(shè)計(jì)公司：

扎哈·哈迪德建筑事務(wù)所

▼項(xiàng)目鳥(niǎo)瞰

Bird’s eye view of the project ? Laurian Ghinitoiu

▼項(xiàng)目周邊的城市環(huán)境

Urban context of the project ? Laurian Ghinitoiu

扎哈·哈迪德建筑事務(wù)所（ZHA）的設(shè)計(jì)讓自由廣場(chǎng)成為城區(qū)最主要的社交場(chǎng)地，通過(guò)創(chuàng)造新的連接將分割的首都重新整合。塞浦路斯首都尼克西亞擁有巨大規(guī)模的威尼斯共和國(guó)時(shí)期的碉堡。這些碉堡將老城和新區(qū)分離開(kāi)來(lái)。與此同時(shí)，城內(nèi)的“綠線(xiàn)”也將首都分裂成兩塊區(qū)域。

Establishing Eleftheria Square as the city’s primary gathering space, Zaha Hadid Architects’ (ZHA) design creates new connections intended to unite a divided capital. Nicosia’s massive Venetian fortifications separate the old city from its modern districts, while the city’s ‘Green Line’ divides the capital into two disparate communities.

▼設(shè)計(jì)概念圖

Conceptual Design Diagrams ? Zaha Hadid Architects

自由廣場(chǎng)靠近尼克西亞的中心區(qū)域，毗鄰?fù)崴构埠蛧?guó)時(shí)期的城墻以及繞城而建、已干涸的護(hù)城河。這些城墻始建于中世紀(jì)，在16世紀(jì)時(shí)被威尼斯人大規(guī)模重建。厚重的護(hù)城墻劃定出尼克西亞老城的邊界，將其與墻外的新城分隔開(kāi)。

Located near the centre of Nicosia, Eleftheria Square is adjacent to the Venetian Walls and the dry moat that encircles the city. Constructed in the Middle Ages and extensively rebuilt by the Venetians in the 16th century, these substantial defensive walls define the boundary of the oldest part of the capital, dividing the ancient city from the new districts outside the walls.

▼設(shè)計(jì)圖紙

Design Drawing ? Zaha Hadid Architects

ZHA將自由廣場(chǎng)視為更宏大的城市規(guī)劃的初始階段，該階段的設(shè)計(jì)將成為重新整合尼克西亞的催化劑。設(shè)計(jì)確保了威尼斯城墻依舊一覽無(wú)余，并使其成為尼克西亞城市身份的一大重要標(biāo)志。于此同時(shí)，干涸的護(hù)城河區(qū)也將被改造成一個(gè)繞城環(huán)形公園，并對(duì)公眾開(kāi)放。

ZHA envisioned Eleftheira Square as the initial phase of a much larger urban plan that could be a catalyst for the reunification of the capital. The design ensures unobstructed views of the Venetian Walls, establishing these fortifications as an integral part of Nicosia’s identity, while also opening the dry moat for public use to create an orbital park that surrounds the city.

▼綠色紐帶

Green belt ? K.Arkatites & Laurian Ghinitoiu

護(hù)城河中之前無(wú)法接近的區(qū)域被改造成了新的市民廣場(chǎng)、公園以及棕櫚樹(shù)大道，從而使護(hù)城河轉(zhuǎn)變成環(huán)繞城市的“綠色紐帶”。ZHA還提議將這些護(hù)城河中新的公共空間沿古城墻延伸，環(huán)繞尼克西亞，以便將首都分裂的的各個(gè)區(qū)域重新連接起來(lái)。

Transforming previously inaccessible areas of the moat with new civic plazas, gardens and palm-lined promenades, the moat can become a ‘green belt’ around the city. ZHA’s design proposes these new public spaces within the moat are extended to follow the ancient city walls and encircle Nicosia, reconnecting communities of this divided capital.

▼融入城市肌理的橋梁

The bridge blends in the urban fabrics ? Laurian Ghinitoiu

自由廣場(chǎng)的設(shè)計(jì)將護(hù)城河的地形提高，使得新建的上層橋梁可以通往周邊街景，與城市肌理建立起直接聯(lián)系，并塑造出首都心臟地帶的新公共空間。

The Eleftheria Square design elevates the topography of the moat to create an upper level bridge that meets the surrounding streetscape, establishing direct connections with the city’s urban fabric and defining a new public square in the heart of the capital.

▼娛樂(lè)休憩設(shè)施

Recreational features ? Laurian Ghinitoiu

護(hù)城河轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樾碌某鞘泄珗@之后，設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)通過(guò)三角分割古碉堡的不規(guī)則形狀的方式，重現(xiàn)了護(hù)城河流動(dòng)的幾何形態(tài)，從而依此確定出新公園中的“焦點(diǎn)”，并在這些地方放置了座椅、花池和水景。

Transformed into an urban park, the moat’s fluid geometries have been created through the process of triangulating the irregular forms of the ancient fortifications to establish points of ‘intensity’ that define seating, flowerbeds or water features within the new park.

▼設(shè)計(jì)的材質(zhì)性

The textuality of the design ? Laurian Ghinitoiu

護(hù)城河的花崗巖鋪裝展現(xiàn)出一種不朽的堅(jiān)實(shí)。花崗巖板之間開(kāi)放的結(jié)合處形成一個(gè)無(wú)動(dòng)力的雨水排放系統(tǒng)，使種植在護(hù)城河中的樹(shù)木可以自然地平衡地下水位，減輕對(duì)中世紀(jì)城墻強(qiáng)基的侵蝕。

The moat’s granite paving conveys a timeless solidity, while open joints between the granite slabs create a passive rainwater drainage system that allows the new trees planted within the moat to naturally balance groundwater levels and reduce erosion of the medieval walls’ foundations.

▼設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)和它的功能性

The structure of the design and its functionality ? K.Arkatites & Laurian Ghinitoiu

自由廣場(chǎng)作為尼克西亞最大的公共廣場(chǎng)，可用作舉辦節(jié)日慶祝和公共活動(dòng)的場(chǎng)地。它的上層橋梁和支撐柱以混凝土打造，其雕塑般的形態(tài)保證了結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)度，這在地震多發(fā)國(guó)家極其重要。每根柱子的底部也被設(shè)計(jì)成了座椅。

廣場(chǎng)的改造涉及到大規(guī)模的考古挖掘，以及對(duì)具有歷史意義的威尼斯城墻的修護(hù)。廣場(chǎng)的開(kāi)發(fā)還包括了場(chǎng)地內(nèi)的2個(gè)咖啡館，入口設(shè)置在Omirou大道上的新地下停車(chē)場(chǎng)，以及能直達(dá)Solomos廣場(chǎng)公交站的樓梯和電梯。

As the largest civic plaza in Nicosia, Eleftheira Square has been designed to host festivals and public events; its upper level bridge and supporting columns are crafted in concrete, their sculptural forms ensure structural integrity in this seismic region and the base of each column morphs into seating.

The renovation of the square involved extensive archaeological excavations together with works to repair and protect the historic Venetian Walls. The redevelopment also includes two cafes within the square and the new underground parking lot with access ramp on Omirou Avenue. Stairs and elevators directly connect with the bus terminal in Solomos Square.

▼設(shè)計(jì)試圖融入老城的歷史

The attempt to weave the history of the ancient city into the design ? Laurian Ghinitoiu

ZHA對(duì)自由廣場(chǎng)的改造將尼克西亞豐富的歷史和對(duì)未來(lái)堅(jiān)定的信念編織在一起。通過(guò)將城墻和護(hù)城河連接在一起，廣場(chǎng)成為一個(gè)通往老城區(qū)的重要門(mén)戶(hù)。新地下停車(chē)場(chǎng)將車(chē)輛移出老城的街道，從而進(jìn)一步鼓勵(lì)步行，提升歷史街區(qū)的城市空間。此外，新建的公共花園和廣場(chǎng)也可供市民和游客享受。