韓國首爾新光華門?國際設計競賽項目景觀設計 | 中國建筑西北設計研究院

光華門片區在歷史變遷過程中，歷經風雨，幾經興衰。其原有軸線空間隨其所承載的君權思想變化而逐漸弱化，而后完全被城市的交通功能所取代。為打破束縛，令光華門成為韓國新一代理想之地。本設計將立足于光化門始建至今的六百年時光更替，將規劃視野定位于百年后的片區風貌打造，力圖呈現韓國百年變遷的風貌輪回，以視線關系純粹，格局清明的文史地脈呼應最初軸線明晰，空間舒朗的六曹大街。

Gwanghwamun District has undergone harsh rises and declines in its historical changes. Its original axis space has been weakened gradually as the change of royalism it carried till it has been fully replaced by the city traffic function. In order to break the restraint and shift Gwanghwamun as an ideal place for the new generation in South Korea, the design will position its planning vision to district building with the style and features a hundred-year later based on six hundred-year time changes of Gwanghwamun since its foundation, trying to present the style and features reincarnation of changes in South Korea. In the meantime, the cultural, historical and geographical contexts that are pure in relationship and clear in pattern are applied to respond to the Six Ministries Street (the Sejong Street's old name in Joseon Dynasty) that is clear in original axis, wide and seductive in space.

^{▲改造百年后效果圖}

君子萬年  介爾景福  Long live the gentleman, a blessing to you forever

現狀光華門廣場原有軸線空間被城市的交通功能所取代，同時受到周邊高層建筑的壓迫與交通關系的割裂，歷史價值及莊重氛圍無法凸顯。

The current situation is that the use of original axis space of the Gwanghwamun Square has been replaced as the city traffic function and the space has been separated by the surrounding high-rise buildings and traffic network at the same time, its historical values and solemn atmosphere cannot be highlighted.

^{▲光華門歷史演變分析圖}

溯洄百年  蔭襲文脈  Date back a hundred years, inherit culture context

通過不同方案的推敲，最終將所有建筑在百年后恢復為最原始純粹的歷史形態，植入綠地草坡，形成文脈森林。

By deliberating different design plans, the final thought focuses on restoring all buildings to their original pure historic morphology a hundred-year ago and implanting green slopes for forming a forest of cultural context.

^{▲方案草圖}

隨著對項目的了解，方案不斷評估優化，用晦有時，擇機而發，初期概念在各個階段持續修正深化。

With the understanding of the project, the plan is constantly evaluated and optimized. The early concepts are continuously revised and deepened in each stage.

城市設計  City Design

歷史為魂  格局為首  Take history as the soul and pattern as the principal

在城市設計范圍內，復建歷史建筑，恢復歷史水系，釋放人行空間，功能置換；待現狀建筑年限到期后不予建設，僅留存建筑基地“臺”型地貌，結合綠地填補空缺。逐步改造場地風貌，實行圈層控制，保證在場地內目光所及之處風貌的統一。

Within the scope of city design, construct the historical buildings with their original styles, restore the historical waters and release the walking space to implement function replacement; dismantle the current building after its age limit expiration and only reserve the landform of the building's platform-shaped foundation with greenbelt on it. Gradually transform the style and features of the site by implementing ring layers control to ensure the unification of the style and features at anywhere that can be seen in the site.

^{▲城市設計圖則}

^{▲城市設計總平面}

百年變遷  涅槃重生  Nirvana rebirth to hundred-year changes

軸線格局的重塑及純粹空間的塑造成為對傳統的一種回應。在六曹大街原有的尺度下，光華門尺度恢弘，更具莊嚴肅穆感。以風貌重現，恢復月臺、獬豸、歷史水系等，塑造場地儀式感氛圍，同時加強在城市中承擔的歷史角色感。

The remodeling of the axis pattern and the pure space become a response to the tradition. Under the original scale of Six Ministries Street, the Gwanghwamun is grand in scale and appears more solemn sense. Based on style and features recurrence, restore the platform, the sculpture of Haechi (a lucky animal in ancient Chinese mythology), the historical waters, etc. to shape the ceremonial atmosphere of the site, as well as strengthen its sense of historical role in the city.

景觀設計 Landscape design

山水肌底  歷史文脈  一場城市百年的記憶追溯和重現  

The foundation of mountain and water, the historical cultural context is waiting for a dating back and recurrence of the city's centennial memory

歷史格局的恢復，自然地脈的植入，多層空間結構的梳理營造。我們以此為繪本，將傳統文化精神和生態底蘊傳達給現代使用者。

Restore the historical pattern, implant the natural geographical context, organize and create the structure with multiple space layers. We use this blueprint to convey the traditional cultural spirit and ecological heritage to modern users.

將負一層空間塑造為參與感最大化的開放性空間，形成雙層半開敞的軸線序列，打造兩層不同的體驗流線；上層世宗千步廊，體驗歷史風貌，直達光化門前區；下層嵌綠甬道，依附周邊地形，提供豐富的游憩功能，順接地鐵建筑等周邊區域。

The underground space will be shaped as the opening space with maximum sense of participation, forming the double half-opened axis sequence to create different experience streamlines at two layers; in the Sejong Thousand-step Corridor at the upper layer where will access to the front area of the Gwanghwamun, historical style and features can be experienced; depending on the surrounding terrain, the passage covered with green plants at the lower layer well provide rich recreational functions and connect to the surrounding areas such as subway constructions.

^{▲景觀設計總平面}

^{▲置入山脈地形，打造百年后的城市森林，重塑純粹的人行空間與儀式性場景。}

多元功能  植入K值 Diversified functions implanted with K value

1K≈10平方米。以K為單位，將各種不同活動賦予場地，梳理公共空間活動形式，根據基本單位K值換算不同功能空間的占地面積，合理布控置入，形成多元豐富的城市廣場。

1K≈10 square meters.Taking K as a unit, various activities are assigned to the site and the activity forms of public space are sorted out, that is to say, convert the floor areas of different functional spaces according to the basic unit K value, forming a diverse and rich city square by reasonable layout and embedding.

^{▲參與性的景觀空間毗鄰地鐵出入口，容納各種大型公共活動的舉辦和狂歡。}

^{▲設置地下戶外休閑空間。}

^{▲水景、親水步道形成散步空間。}

^{▲通過水景及緩坡柔性過度，下穿前方市政道路，銜接北端歷史廣場。} 

百年三夢  乾坤一局

A three-hundred-year dream has passed through a period time of heaven and earth

陣風掠過，穿過城市的喧囂，輕撫世宗大王的胡須，水面泛起層層漣漪；綠地的營造，避風的舒適空間，大尺度的歷史自然景觀。

A gust of breeze crosses through the noisy of the city, blowing the beard of King Sejong the Great and rippling the water surface; the comfortable rest space amid green space reappears the historical natural landscape greatly.

回歸自然，感受歷史。一場城市的革命，遠離城市喧囂和生活繁雜，重現大地歷史精神要義。為光華門注入新的生活和活力，為城市的歷史文化和變遷進行有機更新，傾聽從古至今的歷史聲音。

Return to nature and feel the history. It is a city's revolution keeping the hustle and bustle of the city and life away and reproducing the essence of the historical spirit of the earth. Inject new life and vitality into the Gwanghwamun, organically renew the historical culture and changes of the city and listen to historical voices from ancient to modern times.

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